【Rerekētanga】
Ko te rewa o te waikawa acetic tino parakore he 16.7 nga nekehanga, no reira ka hanga te waikawa acetic hei huka i muri i te heke iho o te pāmahana, ka kiia ko te waikawa acetic glacial. Ko te waikawa acetic te ingoa whanui, ka taea te parakore teitei, ka iti te parakore. Ko te waikawa ahetiki me te waikawa ahetiki he rite tonu te matū, he kaha te haunga o te haunga, ko te rereketanga ko te mea he totoka, ko te waikawa ahetiki te tikanga he wai i te pāmahana rūma o te 20 ° C, a ko te tikanga he totoka i te iti o te 16 °. C, e kiia ana ko te waikawa acetic glacial.
Ko te waikawa acetic glacial (mea parakore), ara, ko te waikawa acetic anhydrous, ko te waikawa acetic tetahi o nga waikawa waro nui, nga pūhui waro. Ka pakari hei hukapapa i te iti o te mahana, e mohiotia ana ko te waikawa acetic glacial. Ko te roha o te rōrahi i te wā whakamaroke ka pakaru pea te ipu. Ko te tohu uira ko 39 ℃, ko te rohe pahūtanga ko 4.0% ~ 16.0%, a ko te kukū e whakaaetia ana i te rangi e kore e neke atu i te 25mg/m3. Ko te waikawa ahetiki parakore ka whakatio ki roto i nga kiripiri rite-tio i raro i te ira whakarewa, na reira ka kiia ko te waikawa acettic anhydrous te waikawa acetic glacial.
I tua atu, ko te waikawa acetic te mea tuatahi me te nuinga o te whakamahi i te kaihoko kakara waikawa i Haina. Acetic acid (36%-38%), glacial acetic acid (98%), tauira matū CH3COOH, he waikawa monic waro, te waahanga matua o te winika.
【 Tukanga 】
Ka taea te whakarite i te waikawa ahetiki ma te whakahiato me te FERMENTATION huakita. Ko te biosynthesis, te whakamahinga o te FERMENTATION huakita, e 10% noa iho o nga hua katoa o te ao, engari ko te tikanga tino nui mo te whakaputa waikawa acetic, ina koa te winika, na te mea he maha nga whenua o nga ture haumaru kai e kii ana me whakarite te winika i roto i te kai ma te tikanga koiora, ka wehea te FERMENTATION ki te FERMENTATION AERObic me te FERMENTATION anaerobic.
(1) Tikanga FERMENTATION Aerobic
Ki te nui te hāora, ka taea e te huakita Acetobacter te whakaputa waikawa acetic mai i nga kai kei roto te waipiro. I te nuinga o te wa ka tukitukia te cider, te waina ranei ki te karepe, te malt, te raihi, te rīwai ranei, ka fermented. Ko enei matū ka taea te fermented ki te waikawa acetic i te aroaro o te enzyme catalytic i raro i te hāora.
(2) tikanga FERMENTATION anaerobic
Ko etahi huakita anaerobic, tae atu ki etahi mema o te puninga Clostridium, ka taea te huri tika i te huka ki te waikawa acetic me te kore e hiahiatia he waihano hei takawaenga. Ka taea te fermented Sucrose ki te waikawa acetic i te kore o te hāora.
I tua atu, he maha nga huakita ka kaha ki te whakaputa i te waikawa acettic mai i nga puhui kei roto i te waro kotahi anake, penei i te methanol, te waro monoxide, te ranunga o te waro hauwai me te hauwai.
【 Taupānga 】
1. Acetic acid derivatives: te nuinga whakamahia i roto i te whakahiato o te acetic anhydride, acetate, terephthalic acid, vinyl acetate / polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate, ketenone, chloroacetic acid, halogenated acetic acid, etc
2. Te rongoa: Ko te waikawa acetic, he mea whakarewa me te rongoa rongoa, ka whakamahia te nuinga i roto i te hanga o te konutai penicillin G, te konutai penicillin G, te penicillin procaine, nga papa antipyretic, te sulfadiazine, te sulfamethylisoxazole, te norfloxacin, te ciprofloxacin, te acetylsalicylic acid, te phenacetin. , kawheine me etahi atu takawaenga: acetate, konutai diacetate, waikawa peracetic, etc
3. Pigment me te kakano me te tae: te nuinga o te whakamahi i roto i te hanga o nga waikano marara me nga tae VAT, me te tuhi kakano me te tukatuka tae.
4. Hangaia te haukini: I roto i te ahua o te konukura acetate ammonia wai, whakamahia hei hau whakahiato para hei tango i te iti o te CO me te CO2 kei roto.
5. Kei roto i nga whakaahua: He tohutao mo te kaiwhakawhanake
6. I roto i te rapa tūturu: whakamahia hei coagulant
7. Te ahumahi hanga: hei anticoagulant
I tua atu, he nui te whakamahi i roto i te maimoatanga wai, te muka waihanga, te pesticides, te kirihou, te hiako, te paninga, te tukatuka whakarewa me te ahumahi rapa.
Wā tuku: Tihema-18-2024